ಸೂರ್ಯ

Sun
	The Sun, viewed through a clear solar filter
Names	Sun, Sol, Sól, Helios
Adjectives	Solar
Symbol
Observation data
Mean distance from Earth	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; 149,600,000 km; 8 min 19 s, light speed
Visual brightness	−26.74 (V)
Absolute magnitude	4.83
Spectral classification	G2V
Metallicity	Z = 0.0122
Angular size	0.527–0.545°
Orbital characteristics
Mean distance from Milky Way core	24,000 to 28,000 light-years
Galactic period	225–250 million years
Velocity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Indented plainlist
Obliquity	7.25° (ecliptic); 67.23° (galactic plane);
Right ascension North pole	286.13° (286° 7′ 48″)
Declination of North pole	+63.87° (63° 52′ 12"N)
Sidereal rotation period	25.05 days (equator); 34.4 days (poles);
Equatorial rotation velocity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val
Physical characteristics
Equatorial radius	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val
Flattening	0.00005
Surface area	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val × Earth
Volume	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val × Earth;
Mass	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val;
Average density	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val × Earth
Age	4.6 billion years
Equatorial surface gravity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Cvt
Moment of inertia factor	≈ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val
Surface escape velocity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; 55 × Earth
Temperature	15,700,000 K (center); 5,772 K (photosphere); 5,000,000 K (corona);
Luminosity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val; ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val efficacy;
Color (B-V)	0.656
Mean radiance	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val
Photosphere composition by mass	73.46% hydrogen; 24.85% helium; 0.77% oxygen; 0.29% carbon; 0.16% iron; 0.12% neon; 0.09% nitrogen; 0.07% silicon; 0.05% magnesium; 0.04% sulfur;

ಸೂರ್ಯ (ಗುರ್ತ: ) ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ಭೂಮಿಗ್ ಬೊಲ್ಪು ಕೊರ್ಪಿನ ಒಂಜಿ ನಕ್ಷತ್ರ.^[೧೬] ಭೂಮಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕ ಗ್ರಹೊಕ್ಕುಲು, ಉಲ್ಕೆಲು, ಉಂದೆನ್ ಸುತ್ತುವರೆವುಂಡು. ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ದ್ಯುತಿಸಂಶ್ಲೇಷಣೆಗ್ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಕಾರಣ ಅತುಂಡು. ಆತೇ ಅತ್ತಂದೆ ಹವಮಾನದ ಮಿತ್ತುಲಾ ಪರಿನಾಮ ಬೂರುಂಡು. ಉಂದು ಭೂಮಿದ ಪೂರ ಜೀವಿಗ್‌ಲಾ ಬದುಕೆರೆಗ್ ಮೂಲ ಕಾರಣ ಅತುಂಡು. ಆತೇ ಅತ್ತಂದೆ ಉಂದು ಮಲ್ಲ ನಕ್ಷತ್ರಲ ಅತುಂಡು. ಸೂರ್ಯನ ಶಾಖೊಡು ಸೌರಶಕ್ತಿ ಮಲ್ಪುವೆರು. ತುಲುವೆರ್ ಸೂರ್ಯ ಚಂದ್ರ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿ ದೀದ್ ವಾಕ್‍ ಗೆತೊಂಬೆರು.

ಭೂಮಂಡಲೊಡು ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ಒಂಜಿ ಮಲ್ಲ ಗೋಳ, ಸೂರ್ಯನಾಥ್ ಮಲ್ಲ ಗೋಳ ಮಲ್ಪರೆ ಭೂಮಿದಂಚಿ ೧೩ ಲಕ್ಷ ಗೋಳೊಲೆನ್ ಕೂಡಾವೊಡು. ಮಲ್ಲ ಲಿಂಬೆ ಪುಲಿತ್ತ ಎದುರುಡು ಪೊಯ್ಯದ ಎಲ್ಯ ಪರೆಲ್ದಲೆಕ್ಕ ಸೂರ್ಯನ ದುಂಬು ಭೂಮಿ ಉಂಡು. ಮಾತಾ ಗ್ರಹೊಕ್ಕುಲೆನ್ ಒಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಪಾಡ್ದ್ ತೂಂಡಲಾ ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ಗೋಳ ಐಡ್ದ್ ಐನೂದು ಪಾಲ್ ಮಲ್ಲ ತೊಜುಂಡು. ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ನಂಕ್ ಕೋಟಿ ಮೈಲ್ ದೂರ ಇತ್ತಿನೆಡ್ದ್ ಒಂಜಿ ಫೀಟ್ ದಾತ್ ಮಲ್ಲ ತೋಜುಂಡು. ಮುಲ್ತುಡ್ದು ಸೂರ್ಯನಡೆ ಪೋವೆರೆ ರೈಲ್ದ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ ಇತ್ತ್ಂಡ ಻ಅಡೆಗ್ ಎತ್ಯರೆ ೪೦೦ ವರ್ಷ ಬೋಡಾವು. ಈತ್ ದೂರೊಡ್ದು ಸೂರ್ಯನ ಕಿರಣೊಲು ಇಡೆಗ್ ಬೂರ್ನಗ ನಂಕ್ ಸೆಕೆ ಆಪುಂಡು.

ಮುಡಯಿದ ಆಕಾಶದ ಬರಿಟ್ ಮುಡಯಿದ ಬೊಲ್ಪು ಯಿನ್ಪಿ ಪ್ರಕಾಶ ತೋಜುಂಡು. ಆ ಸಮಯೊಗು ಪುಲ್ಯಕಾಂಡೆ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್. ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ಬಾಣದ ನಡುಟ್ಟು ಪರ್ಪಿ ಪೊರ್ತುಗು ಮದ್ಯಾಹ್ಮ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಲಾ , ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ಪಡ್ಡಯಿಡ್ ಜತ್ತ್ ದ್ ಪೋಪಿ ಸಮಯೊಗು ಬಯ್ಯ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್. ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ಮೂಡುನೆಡ್ದ್ ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ಮುರ್ಕುನೆಟ್ಟದ ಸಮಯೊಗು ಒಂಜಿ ದಿನ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್. ಸೂರ್ಯೆ ನಂಕ್ ತೋಜು ಸಮಯೊಗು ಪಗೆಲ್ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಲಾ ನಂಕ್ ತೋಜಂದಿ ಸಮಯೊಗು ರಾತ್ರೆ ಪಂಡ್ದ್ ಪನ್ಪೆರ್.^[೧೭]

ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊಲು

↑ ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ದೋಸೊ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named OED
↑ ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ದೋಸೊ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lexico
↑ ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ದೋಸೊ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named OED2
↑ Pitjeva, E. V.; Standish, E. M. (2009). "Proposals for the masses of the three largest asteroids, the Moon–Earth mass ratio and the Astronomical Unit". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy (in ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್). 103 (4): 365–372. Bibcode:2009CeMDA.103..365P. doi:10.1007/s10569-009-9203-8. ISSN 1572-9478. S2CID 121374703. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
↑ ^೫.೦೦ ^೫.೦೧ ^೫.೦೨ ^೫.೦೩ ^೫.೦೪ ^೫.೦೫ ^೫.೦೬ ^೫.೦೭ ^೫.೦೮ ^೫.೦೯ ^೫.೧೦ ^೫.೧೧ ^೫.೧೨ ^೫.೧೩ Williams, D. R. (1 July 2013). "Sun Fact Sheet". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2013.
↑ Zombeck, Martin V. (1990). Handbook of Space Astronomy and Astrophysics 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
↑ Asplund, M.; Grevesse, N.; Sauval, A. J. (2006). "The new solar abundances – Part I: the observations". Communications in Asteroseismology. 147: 76–79. Bibcode:2006CoAst.147...76A. doi:10.1553/cia147s76. ISSN 1021-2043. S2CID 123824232.
↑ "Eclipse 99: Frequently Asked Questions". NASA. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
↑ Francis, Charles; Anderson, Erik (June 2014). "Two estimates of the distance to the Galactic Centre". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 441 (2): 1105–1114. arXiv:1309.2629. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.441.1105F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu631. S2CID 119235554.
↑ ^೧೦.೦ ^೧೦.೧ ^೧೦.೨ ^೧೦.೩ ^೧೦.೪ ^೧೦.೫ "Solar System Exploration: Planets: Sun: Facts & Figures". NASA. Archived from the original on 2 January 2008.
↑ ^೧೧.೦ ^೧೧.೧ Prša, Andrej; Harmanec, Petr; Torres, Guillermo; et al. (2016-08-01). "NOMINAL VALUES FOR SELECTED SOLAR AND PLANETARY QUANTITIES: IAU 2015 RESOLUTION B3 * †". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (2): 41. arXiv:1510.07674. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/41. ISSN 0004-6256.
↑ Bonanno, A.; Schlattl, H.; Paternò, L. (2002). "The age of the Sun and the relativistic corrections in the EOS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 390 (3): 1115–1118. arXiv:astro-ph/0204331. Bibcode:2002A&A...390.1115B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020749. S2CID 119436299.
↑ Connelly, J. N.; Bizzarro, M.; Krot, A. N.; Nordlund, Å.; Wielandt, D.; Ivanova, M. A. (2 November 2012). "The Absolute Chronology and Thermal Processing of Solids in the Solar Protoplanetary Disk". Science. 338 (6107): 651–655. Bibcode:2012Sci...338..651C. doi:10.1126/science.1226919. PMID 23118187. S2CID 21965292.ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Registration required
↑ Gray, David F. (November 1992). "The Inferred Color Index of the Sun". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 104 (681): 1035–1038. Bibcode:1992PASP..104.1035G. doi:10.1086/133086.
↑ "The Sun's Vital Statistics". Stanford Solar Center. Archived from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2008. Citing Eddy, J. (1979). A New Sun: The Solar Results From Skylab. NASA. p. 37. NASA SP-402. Archived from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
↑ Our Sun. III. Present and Future
↑ cite journal |last=Godier |first=S. |coauthors=Rozelot J.-P. |year=2000 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510022519/http://aa.springer.de/papers/0355001/2300365.pdf |title=The solar oblateness and its relationship with the structure of the tachocline and of the Sun's subsurface |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume=355 |pages=365-374

[OED-1] ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ದೋಸೊ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named OED

[Lexico-2] ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ದೋಸೊ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Lexico

[OED2-3] ಉಲ್ಲೇಕೊ ದೋಸೊ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named OED2

[Pitjeva2009-4] Pitjeva, E. V.; Standish, E. M. (2009). "Proposals for the masses of the three largest asteroids, the Moon–Earth mass ratio and the Astronomical Unit". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy (in ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್). 103 (4): 365–372. Bibcode:2009CeMDA.103..365P. doi:10.1007/s10569-009-9203-8. ISSN 1572-9478. S2CID 121374703. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.

[nssdc-5] ೫.೦೦ ^೫.೦೧ ^೫.೦೨ ^೫.೦೩ ^೫.೦೪ ^೫.೦೫ ^೫.೦೬ ^೫.೦೭ ^೫.೦೮ ^೫.೦೯ ^೫.೧೦ ^೫.೧೧ ^೫.೧೨ ^೫.೧೩ Williams, D. R. (1 July 2013). "Sun Fact Sheet". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2013.

[6] Zombeck, Martin V. (1990). Handbook of Space Astronomy and Astrophysics 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2016.

[7] Asplund, M.; Grevesse, N.; Sauval, A. J. (2006). "The new solar abundances – Part I: the observations". Communications in Asteroseismology. 147: 76–79. Bibcode:2006CoAst.147...76A. doi:10.1553/cia147s76. ISSN 1021-2043. S2CID 123824232.

[8] "Eclipse 99: Frequently Asked Questions". NASA. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.

[francis14-9] Francis, Charles; Anderson, Erik (June 2014). "Two estimates of the distance to the Galactic Centre". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 441 (2): 1105–1114. arXiv:1309.2629. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.441.1105F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu631. S2CID 119235554.

[sse-10] ೧೦.೦ ^೧೦.೧ ^೧೦.೨ ^೧೦.೩ ^೧೦.೪ ^೧೦.೫ "Solar System Exploration: Planets: Sun: Facts & Figures". NASA. Archived from the original on 2 January 2008.

[IAU2015resB3-11] ೧೧.೦ ^೧೧.೧ Prša, Andrej; Harmanec, Petr; Torres, Guillermo; et al. (2016-08-01). "NOMINAL VALUES FOR SELECTED SOLAR AND PLANETARY QUANTITIES: IAU 2015 RESOLUTION B3 * †". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (2): 41. arXiv:1510.07674. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/41. ISSN 0004-6256.

[Bonanno-12] Bonanno, A.; Schlattl, H.; Paternò, L. (2002). "The age of the Sun and the relativistic corrections in the EOS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 390 (3): 1115–1118. arXiv:astro-ph/0204331. Bibcode:2002A&A...390.1115B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020749. S2CID 119436299.

[13] Connelly, J. N.; Bizzarro, M.; Krot, A. N.; Nordlund, Å.; Wielandt, D.; Ivanova, M. A. (2 November 2012). "The Absolute Chronology and Thermal Processing of Solids in the Solar Protoplanetary Disk". Science. 338 (6107): 651–655. Bibcode:2012Sci...338..651C. doi:10.1126/science.1226919. PMID 23118187. S2CID 21965292.ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Registration required

[14] Gray, David F. (November 1992). "The Inferred Color Index of the Sun". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 104 (681): 1035–1038. Bibcode:1992PASP..104.1035G. doi:10.1086/133086.

[15] "The Sun's Vital Statistics". Stanford Solar Center. Archived from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2008. Citing Eddy, J. (1979). A New Sun: The Solar Results From Skylab. NASA. p. 37. NASA SP-402. Archived from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2017.

[Sackmann-16] Our Sun. III. Present and Future

[Godier-17] te journal |last=Godier |first=S. |coauthors=Rozelot J.-P. |year=2000 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510022519/http://aa.springer.de/papers/0355001/2300365.pdf |title=The solar oblateness and its relationship with the structure of the tachocline and of the Sun's subsurface |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume=355 |pages=365-374

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Observation data
The Sun, viewed through a clear solar filter
Names	Sun, Sol,^[೧] Sól, Helios^[೨]
Adjectives	Solar^[೩]
Symbol
Mean distance from Earth	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val 149,600,000 km 8 min 19 s, light speed^[೪]
Visual brightness	−26.74 (V)^[೫]
Absolute magnitude	4.83^[೫]
Spectral classification	G2V^[೬]
Metallicity	Z = 0.0122^[೭]
Angular size	0.527–0.545°^[೮]
Orbital characteristics
Mean distance from Milky Way core	24,000 to 28,000 light-years^[೯]
Galactic period	225–250 million years
Velocity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Indented plainlist
Obliquity	7.25° (ecliptic)^[೫] 67.23° (galactic plane)
Right ascension North pole	286.13° (286° 7′ 48″)^[೫]
Declination of North pole	+63.87° (63° 52′ 12"N)^[೫]
Sidereal rotation period	25.05 days (equator) 34.4 days (poles)^[೫]
Equatorial rotation velocity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೧೦]
Physical characteristics
Equatorial radius	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೧೧] ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೧೦]
Flattening	0.00005^[೫]
Surface area	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val × Earth^[೧೦]
Volume	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val × Earth
Mass	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೫] ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೫]
Average density	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val × Earth^[೫]^[೧೦]
Age	4.6 billion years^[೧೨]^[೧೩]
Equatorial surface gravity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೫] ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Cvt^[೧೦]
Moment of inertia factor	≈ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೫]
Surface escape velocity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val 55 × Earth^[೧೦]
Temperature	15,700,000 K (center)^[೫] 5,772 K (photosphere)^[೧೧] 5,000,000 K (corona)
Luminosity	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val^[೫] ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val efficacy
Color (B-V)	0.656^[೧೪]
Mean radiance	ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟ್:Val
Photosphere composition by mass	73.46% hydrogen 24.85% helium 0.77% oxygen 0.29% carbon 0.16% iron 0.12% neon 0.09% nitrogen 0.07% silicon 0.05% magnesium 0.04% sulfur^[೧೫]